Bromination of acetanilide free essay sample

Bromination of acetanilide to 4-bromoaniline was studied in this experiment. One of the most important mechanism with the reaction of aromatic compounds is the electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions(wade,2013). The electrophilic aromatic substitution enable scientists to make substituted aromatic compounds. However, substitution groups affect the electrophilic substitution mechanism. A nitrogen atom attached to hydrogen is learned to be a powerful activating group, which allow the procedure to go without a catalyst. The bromination of the acetanilide gives the tribromide instead of 4-bromoaniline. preparing the 4-bromoaniline involves the attack of a strong electrophile and the hydrolysis of a proton to give the final product. Chemicals and Safety: Bromine is very poisonous, and can cause burns. Eyes, skin and nose should be protected while carrying the bromine inside the hood. Glacial acid is also a very corrosive compound and can cause severe burns when it’s reacting with aromatic compounds. Also, the organic waste was disposed in the halogenated waste container. We will write a custom essay sample on Bromination of acetanilide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Procedure: In a reaction tube, 0. 05 g of acetanilide is added and the exact mass is recorded. In the same reaction tube, 8 drops of glacial acid is added carefully inside the hood, and stirred well. Also, 8 drops of bromine in acetic acid is added, and placed for 10 minute in the hood until yellow crystals are forming. Then, 0. 5 mL of water followed by 5 drops of sodium bisulfite solution are added to the reaction tube. The reaction tube is placed on an ice bath to cool down and increase the product yield. Then, for vacuum filtration, the product is rinsed with cold water and let it air dried for 5 minutes. The product is then recrystallized by warm 3 mL of 50% ethanol placed on a hot water bath, and the product is cooled down at room temperature. The product is weight and the melting point is recorded. Also, some of the product is mixed with CDCl3 and stirred well to perform NMR analysis; and some of the product is placed for IR analysis.

Free Essays on The Souls Of Black Folks

â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk† W. E. B. Du Bois uses metaphors frequently in his writings to describe the feelings and life of being black. He discusses how people were treated, how they were looked at by white Americans, progression of the changing world, and how a Negro would not change, doing so by using metaphors. Du Bois discusses this in the four following metaphors. One metaphor in Du Bois’s writing is â€Å"shut out from their world by a vast veil.† This metaphor is referring to the black Americans and white Americans being different. The black Americans were treated differently. The black Americans think that they are as unimportant as the whites’ think they are. Also, meaning that the white Americans cannot accept the blacks as Americans because of their skin color. The blacks did not have a chance to show the withes who they really were or show Americans what they could offer them. The second metaphor is â€Å"of measuring one’s soul by the tape of a world.† This means that the blacks could not act the way they wanted to. The blacks had to act the way the whites wanted them. They did not have the chance to form their own opinions because what ever it was it was probably wrong in a white Americans eyes. The blacks had to look through their eyes as them being a Negro. They had to look at themselves as not being Americans even if they wanted to. They had to deal with their conscious pulling them from one world to another. Another metaphor that Du Bois wrote is â€Å"another pillar of fire by night after a clouded day.† This metaphor could mean different things to different people. It could mean that after not having freedom or seeing any progression in their life for so long that it was finally looking better. A â€Å"clouded day,† meaning ugly, nasty day and â€Å"a pillar of fire by night,† meaning progression or seeing that things are changing for the better. The blacks lived the way white Americans w... Free Essays on The Souls Of Black Folks Free Essays on The Souls Of Black Folks â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk† W. E. B. Du Bois uses metaphors frequently in his writings to describe the feelings and life of being black. He discusses how people were treated, how they were looked at by white Americans, progression of the changing world, and how a Negro would not change, doing so by using metaphors. Du Bois discusses this in the four following metaphors. One metaphor in Du Bois’s writing is â€Å"shut out from their world by a vast veil.† This metaphor is referring to the black Americans and white Americans being different. The black Americans were treated differently. The black Americans think that they are as unimportant as the whites’ think they are. Also, meaning that the white Americans cannot accept the blacks as Americans because of their skin color. The blacks did not have a chance to show the withes who they really were or show Americans what they could offer them. The second metaphor is â€Å"of measuring one’s soul by the tape of a world.† This means that the blacks could not act the way they wanted to. The blacks had to act the way the whites wanted them. They did not have the chance to form their own opinions because what ever it was it was probably wrong in a white Americans eyes. The blacks had to look through their eyes as them being a Negro. They had to look at themselves as not being Americans even if they wanted to. They had to deal with their conscious pulling them from one world to another. Another metaphor that Du Bois wrote is â€Å"another pillar of fire by night after a clouded day.† This metaphor could mean different things to different people. It could mean that after not having freedom or seeing any progression in their life for so long that it was finally looking better. A â€Å"clouded day,† meaning ugly, nasty day and â€Å"a pillar of fire by night,† meaning progression or seeing that things are changing for the better. The blacks lived the way white Americans w...